Ubuntu18安装opencv3并支持gpu

首先确认安装以下包：
```shell
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy python3-dev python3-numpy
sudo apt-get install libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get install libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev
sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
```

在安装过程中可能遇到`E: unable to locate libjasper-dev`错误，可以用如下方案进行解决：
```shell
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libjasper1 libjasper-dev
```

然后在opencv源码目录下新建任意文件夹并进入，然后执行cmake命令，若出现未找到模块可以自行安装相应软件或删除命令中的`-D WITH_XXX`语句：
```shell
mkdir build
cd build
cmake   -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE   -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local   -D WITH_TBB=ON   -D WITH_V4L=ON   -D WITH_QT=ON   -D WITH_OPENGL=ON   -D WITH_CUDA=ON   -D ENABLE_FAST_MATH=1   -D CUDA_FAST_MATH=1   -D CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS="-D_FORCE_INLINES"   -D WITH_CUBLAS=1 -DBUILD_TIFF=ON \..
```

然后进行编译安装，如下是使用4线程并行编译：
```shell
sudo make -j4 install
```

接下来配置环境：
```shell
echo '/usr/local/lib' | sudo tee -a /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf
sudo ldconfig
printf '# OpenCV\nPKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig\nexport PKG_CONFIG_PATH\n' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
```

Ubuntu18安装opencv3并支持gpu

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